200 Proofs Earth is Not a Spinning Ball (Videobook) By Eric Dubay

Video Transcript:

200 proofs Earth is not a spinning ball by Eric DeBae. 1. The horizon always appears perfectly flat, 360 degrees around the observer, regardless of altitude. All amateur balloon rocket, plane and drone footage show completely flat horizon over 20 plus miles high. Only NASA and other government space agencies show curvature and their fake CGI photos and videos. 2. The horizon always rises to the eye level of the observer as altitude is gained, so you never have to look down to see it. If Earth were in fact a globe, no matter how large, as you ascended, the horizon would stay fixed and the observer would have to tilt looking down further and further to see it. 3. The natural physics of water is defined and maintained its level. If Earth were a giant sphere tilted, wobbling and hurtling through infinite space, then truly flat, consistently, level surfaces would not exist here. But since Earth is in fact an extended flat plane, this fundamental physical property of fluids finding and remaining level is consistent with experience and common sense. 4. Rivers run down to sea level, finding the easiest course, north, south, east, west, and all other intermediary directions over the Earth at the same time. If Earth were truly a spinning ball, then many of these rivers would be impossibly flowing uphill. For example, the Mississippi in its 3,000 miles would have to ascend 11 miles before reaching the Gulf of Mexico. 5. One portion of the Nile River flows for a thousand miles with a fall of only one foot. Parts of the West African Congo, according to the supposed inclination and movement of the ball Earth, would be sometimes running uphill and sometimes down. This would also be the case for the Perana, Paraguay and other long rivers. 6. If Earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference as NASA and modern astronomy claim, spherical trigonometry dictates the surface of all standing water must curve downward and easily measurable 8 inches per mile multiplied by the square of the distance. This means, along a 6 mile channel of standing water, the Earth would dip 6 feet on either end from the central peak. Every time such experiments have been conducted, however, standing water has proven to be perfectly level. 7. Surveyers, engineers, and architects are never required to factor the supposed curvature of the Earth into their projects. Canals, railways, bridges, and tunnels, for example, are always cut and laid horizontally, often over hundreds of miles without any allowance for curvature. 8. The Suez Canal, connecting the Mediterranean with the Red Sea, is 100 miles long without any locks making the water uninterrupted continuation of the two seas. When constructed, the Earth's supposed curvature was not taken into account. It was dug along a horizontal datum line, 26 feet below sea level, passing through several lakes from one sea to the other, with the datum line and the water's surface running perfectly parallel over the 100 miles. 9. Engineer W. Winkler was published in the Earth Review regarding the Earth's supposed curvature, stating, as an engineer of many years standing, I saw that this absurd allowance is only permitted in schoolbooks. No engineer would dream of allowing anything of the kind. I have projected many miles of railways and many more of canals, and the allowance has not even been thought of much less allowed for. This allowance for curvature means this, that it is 8 inches for the first mile of a canal and increasing at the ratio by the square of the distance in miles, thus a small navigable canal for boats say 30 miles long will have by the above rule an allowance for curvature of 600 feet. Think of that, and then please credit engineers as not being quite such fools. Nothing of the sort is allowed. We know more think of allowing 600 feet for a line of 30 miles of railway or canal, than avoiding our time trying to square the circle. 10. The London and Northwestern Railway forms a straight line, 180 miles long between London and Liverpool. The railroad's highest point midway at Birmingham Station is only 240 feet above sea level. If the world were actually a globe however, curving 8 inches per mile squared, the 180 mile stretch of rail would form an arc with the centre point at Birmingham raised over a mile, a full 5,400 feet above London and Liverpool. 11. A surveyor and engineer of 30 years published in the Birmingham Weekly Mercury stated, I am thoroughly acquainted with the theory and practice of civil engineering. However, bigoted some of our professors may be in the theory of surveying, according to the prescribed rules, yet it is well known amongst us that such theoretical measurements are incapable of any practical illustration. All our locomotives are designed to run on what may be regarded as true levels or flats. There are, of course, partial inclines or gradients here and there, but they are always accurately defined and must be carefully traversed. But anything approaching to 8 inches in the mile, increasing as the square of the distance could not be worked by any engine that was ever yet constructed. Taking one station with another, all over England and Scotland, it may be stated that all the platforms are on the same relative level. The distance between eastern and western coasts of England may be set down as 300 miles. If the prescribed curvature was indeed as represented, the central stations at Rugby or Warwick ought to be close upon 3 miles higher than a cord drawn from the two extremities. If such was the case, there is not a driver or stoker within the kingdom that would be found to take charge of the train. We can only laugh at those of your readers who seriously give us credit for such venture some exploits as running trains around spherical curves. Horizontal curves on levels are dangerous enough. Vertical curves would be a thousand times worse and with our rolling stock constructed as at present physically impossible. 12. The Manchester Ship Canal Company published in the Earth Review stated, it is customary in railway and canal constructions for all levels to be referred to a datum which is nominally horizontal and is so shown on all sections. It is not the practice in laying out public works to make allowances for the curvature of the Earth. 13. In a 19th century French experiment by M.M.B.O. and Araggo, a powerful lamp with good reflectors was placed on the summit of Dezeer-Dolal-Pamas in Spain and able to be seen all the way from Canterrey on the island of Ivisa. Since the elevation of the two points were identical and the distance between covered nearly 100 miles, if the Earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference, the light should have been more than 6,600 feet, a mile and a quarter below the light of sight. 14. The Lieutenant Colonel Cordlock experiment used oxy-hydrogen drummers lights and heliostats to reflect the sun's rays across stations set up across 108 miles of sight Georgia's channel. If the Earth were actually a ball 25,000 miles in circumference, portlocks light should have remained hidden under a mile and a half of curvature. 15. If the Earth were truly a sphere 25,000 miles in circumference, airplane pilots would have to constantly correct their altitudes downwards so as to not fly straight off into outer space. A pilot wishing to simply maintain their altitude at a typical cruising speed of 500 miles per hour would have to constantly dip their nose downwards and descend 2777 feet over half a mile every minute. Otherwise, without compensation, in one hour's time, the pilot would find themselves 31.5 miles higher than expected. 16. The experiment known as Aries Failure proved that stars move relative to a stationary Earth and not the other way around. By first filling a telescope with water to slow down the speed of light inside, then calculating the tilt necessary to get the starlight directly down the tube, Aries failed to prove the heliocentric theory since the starlight was already coming in the correct angle with no change necessary and instead proved the geocentric model correct. 17. Old Birds Paradox states that if there were billions of stars which are suns, the night sky would be filled completely with light. As Edgar Allen Poe said, with a succession of stars endless, then the background of the sky would present us a uniform luminosity since there could exist absolutely no point in all that background at which would not exist a star. In fact, Old Birds Paradox is no more a paradox than George Aries experiment was a failure. Both are actually excellent refutations of the heliocentric spinning ball Earth model. 18. The Mikkelson-Morley and Sagnac experiments attempted to measure the change in speed of light due to Earth's assumed motion through space. After measuring in every possible different direction in various locations, they failed to detect any significant change whatsoever, again proving the stationary geocentric model. 19. Tekobrahi famously argued against the heliocentric theory in his time, positing that if the Earth revolved around the sun, the change in relative position of the stars after six months orbital motion could not fail to be seen. He argued that the stars should seem to separate as we approach and come together as we recede. In actual fact, however, after 190 million miles of supposed orbit around the sun, not a single inch parallax can be detected in the stars, proving that we have not moved at all. 20. If Earth were truly constantly spinning eastwards at over a thousand miles per hour, vertically fired cannonballs and other projectiles should fall significantly due west. In actual fact, however, when this has been tested, vertically fired cannonballs shoot upwards an average of 14 seconds ascending, 14 seconds descending, and fall back to the ground no more than two feet away from the cannon, often directly back into the muzzle. 21. If the Earth were truly constantly spinning eastward at over a thousand miles per hour, helicopters and hot air balloons should be able to simply hover over the surface of the Earth and wait for their destinations to come to them. 22. If Earth were truly constantly spinning eastward at over a thousand miles per hour, during the Red Bull's stratosphere dive Felix Baumgartner, spending three hours ascending over New Mexico should have landed 2,500 miles west into the Pacific Ocean, but instead landed a few dozen miles east of the takeoff point. 23. Bob believers often claim gravity magically and inexplicably drags the entire lower atmosphere of the Earth in perfect synchronization up to some undetermined height where this progressively faster spinning atmosphere gives way to the non-spinning, non-gravitized, non-atmosphere of infinite vacuum space. Such nonsensical theories are debunked, however, by rain, fireworks, birds, bugs, clouds, smoke, planes, and projectiles, all of which would behave very differently if both of the ball Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastward at a thousand miles per hour. 24. If Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastward over a thousand miles per hour, then north-south facing cannons should establish a control while east firing cannonballs should fall significantly farther than all others, while west firing cannonballs should fall significantly closer. In actual fact, however, regardless of which direction cannons are fired, the distance covered is always the same. 25. If Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastwards over a thousand miles per hour, then the average commercial airliner traveling 500 miles per hour should never be able to reach its eastward destinations before they come speeding up from behind. Likewise, westward destinations should be arrived at thrice the speed, but this is not the case. 26. Quoting heaven and earth by Gabrielle Henriette. If flying had been invented at the time of Copernicus, there is no doubt that he would have soon realized that his contention regarding the rotation of the Earth was wrong, on account of the relation existing between the speed of an aircraft and that of the Earth's rotation. If the Earth rotates, as it is said, at a thousand miles an hour, and a plane flies in the same direction at only 500 miles, it is obvious that its place of destination will be farther removed every minute. On the other hand, if flying took place in the opposite direction to that of the rotation, a distance of 1,500 miles would be covered in one hour instead of 500, since the speed of the rotation is to be added to that of the plane. It could also be pointed out that such a flying speed of a thousand miles an hour, which is supposed to be that of the Earth's rotation, has recently been achieved, so that an aircraft flying at this rate, in the same direction as that of the rotation, could not cover any ground at all. It would remain suspended in mid-air over the spot from which it took off, since both speeds are equal. 27. If Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastwards over a thousand miles per hour, landing airplanes on such fast-moving runways, which face all manner of directions, north-south, east-west and otherwise, would be practically impossible, yet in reality such fictional concerns are completely negligible. 28. If the Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastwards over a thousand miles per hour, then clouds, wind and weather patterns could not casually and unpredictably go every which way, with clouds often traveling in opposing directions at varying altitudes simultaneously. 29. If the Earth and its atmosphere were constantly spinning eastwards over a thousand miles per hour, this should somewhere somehow be seen, heard, felt or measured by someone, yet no one in history has ever experienced this alleged eastward motion. Meanwhile, however, we can hear, feel and experimentally measure even the slightest westward breeze. 30. In his book, South Sea Voyages, Arctic and Antarctic Explorer Sir James Clark Ross described his experience on the night of November 27, 1839, and his conclusion that the Earth must be motionless. The sky being very clear, it enabled us to observe the higher stratum of clouds to be moving in an exactly opposite direction to that of the wind. A circumstance which is frequently recorded in our meteorological journal, both in the northeast and southeast trades, and has also often been observed by former Voyagers. Captain Basil Hall witnessed it from the summit of the peak of Tenerife, and Count Strasleci on ascending the volcanic mountain of Kirania in Ouhi, reached at 4,000 feet an elevation above that of the trade wind, and experienced the influence of an opposite current of air of a different hydrometric and thermometric condition. Count Strasleci further informed me of the following seemingly anomalous circumstance, that at the height of 6,000 feet, he found the current of air blowing at right angles to both the lower strata, also of a different thermometric condition, but warmer than the interstraitum. Such a state of the atmosphere is compatible only with the fact which other evidence has demonstrated that the earth is at rest. 31. Quoting Zetetic Cosmoginy. Thomas Winship states, let imagination picture to the mind what force air would have which was set in motion by a spherical body of 8,000 miles in diameter, which in one hour was spinning around 1000 miles per hour, rushing through space at 65,000 miles per hour and gyrating across the heavens. Then let conjecture endeavor to discover whether the inhabitants on such a globe could keep their hair on. If the earth globe rotates on its axis at the terrific rate of a thousand miles per hour, such an immense mass would have necessity caused tremendous rush of wind in the space it occupied. The wind would go all one way and anything like clouds which got within the sphere of influence of the rotating sphere would have to go the same way. The fact that the earth is at rest is proved by kite flying. 32. If gravity is credited with being a force strong enough to hold the world's oceans, buildings, people and atmosphere stuck to the surface of a rapidly spinning ball, then it is impossible for gravity to also simultaneously be weak enough to allow little birds, bugs and planes to take off and travel freely, unabated in any direction. 33. If gravity is credited with being a force strong enough to curve the massive expanse of oceans around a globular earth, it would be impossible for fish and other creatures to swim through such forcefully held water. 34. Ship captains in navigating great distances at sea never need to factor the supposed curvature of the earth into their calculations. Both plane sailing and the great circle sailing, the most popular navigation methods, use plane, not spherical trigonometry, making all mathematical calculations on the assumption that the earth is perfectly flat. If the earth were in fact a sphere, such an errant assumption would lead to constantly glaring inaccuracies. Plain sailing has worked perfectly fine in both theory and practice for thousands of years however, and plane trigonometry has time and again proven more accurate than spherical trigonometry in determining distances across the oceans. 35. If the earth were truly a globe, then every line of latitudes south of the equator would have to measure a gradually smaller and smaller circumference, this farther south travel. If however the earth is an extended plane, then every line of latitudes south of the equator should measure a gradually larger and larger circumference the farther south travel. The fact that many captains navigating south of the equator, assuming the globular theory, have found themselves drastically out of reckoning. More so, the farther south traveled, testifies to the fact that earth is not a ball. 36. During Captain James Clark Ross's voyages around the Antarctic circumference, he often wrote in his journal, perplexed, at how they routinely found themselves out of accordance with their charts, stating that they found themselves an average of 12 to 16 miles outside their reckoning every day, later on further south as much as 29 miles. 37. Lieutenant Charles Wilkes commanded a United States Navy Exploration Expedition to the Antarctic from 1838 to 1842, and in his journals also mentioned being consistently east of his reckoning, sometimes over 20 miles in less than 18 hours. 38. To quote Reverend Thomas Milner, in the Southern Hemisphere, navigators to India have often fancied themselves east of the Cape when still west, and have been driven ashore on the African coast, which, according to their reckoning, lay behind them. This misfortune happened to a fine forget the challenger in 1845. How came her majesty's ship conqueror to be lost? How have so many other noble vessels perfectly sound, perfectly manned, perfectly navigated, but wrecked in calm weather, not only in dark night or in a fog, but in broad daylight and sunshine? In the former case, upon the coasts and the latter upon sunken rocks, from being out of reckoning? The simple answer is that earth is not a ball. 39. Practical distance measurements taken from the Australian Handbook Almanac Shippers and Importers Directory state that the straight line distance between Sydney and Nelson is 1,550 statute miles. They are given difference in longitude is 22 degrees, two minutes and 14 seconds. Therefore, if 22 degrees, two minutes, 14 seconds out of 360 is 1,550 miles, the entirety would measure 25,182 miles. This is not only larger than the ball earth is said to be at the equator, but a whole 4,262 miles greater than it would be at Sydney's southern latitude on a globe of said proportions. 40. From near Cape Horn, Chile to Port Philip at Melbourne, Australia, the distance is 10,500 miles, or 143 degrees of longitude away. Factoring in the remaining degrees to 360 makes for a total distance of 26,430 miles around this particular latitude, which is over 1,500 miles wider than the earth is supposed to be at the equator, and many more thousands of miles wider than it is supposed to be at such southern latitudes. 41. Similar calculations made from the Cape of Good Hope, South Africa to Melbourne, Australia, at an average latitude of 35.5 degrees south, have given an approximate figure of over 25,000 miles, which is again equal to or greater than the earth's supposed greatest circumference at the equator. Calculations shipped Sydney, Australia to Wellington, New Zealand at an average of 37.5 degrees south, have given an approximate circumference of 25,500 miles greater still. According to the ball earth theory, the circumference of the earth at 37.5 degrees southern latitude should be only 19,757 statute miles, almost 6,000 miles less than such practical measurements. 42. In the ball earth model, Antarctica is an ice continent which covers the bottom of the ball from 78 degrees south latitude to 90, and is therefore not more than 12,000 miles in circumference. Many early explorers, including Captain Cook and James Clark Ross, however, in attempting Antarctic circumnavigation, took three to four years and clocked 50 to 60,000 miles The British ship Challenger also made an indirect but complete circumnavigation of Antarctica traversing 69,000 miles. This is entirely inconsistent with the ball model. 43. If earth was a ball, there are several flights in the southern hemisphere, which would have their quickest, straightest path over the Antarctic continent, such as Santiago, Chile, to Sydney, Australia, instead of taking the shortest quickest route in a straight line over Antarctica, all such flights detour all manner of directions away from Antarctica, instead claiming the temperatures too cold for airplane travel. Considering the fact that there are plenty of flights too from and over Antarctica, NASA claims to have technology keeping them in conditions both far colder and far hotter than any experienced on earth. Such an excuse is clearly just an excuse, and these flights aren't made because they are impossible. 44. If earth was a ball, and Antarctica was too cold to fly over, the only logical way to fly from Sydney to Santiago would be a straight shot over the Pacific, staying in the southern hemisphere the entire way. Refueling could be done in New Zealand or other southern hemisphere destinations along the way, if absolutely necessary. In actual fact, however, Santiago to Sydney flights go into the northern hemisphere, making stopovers at LAX and other North American airports, before continuing back down to the southern hemisphere. Such ridiculously wayward detours make no sense on the globe, but make perfect sense, and form nearly straight lines when shown on a flat earth map. 45. On a ball earth, Johannesburg, South Africa, to Perth, Australia should be a straight shot over the Indian ocean, with convenient refueling possibilities on Maritus or Madagascar. In actual practice, however, most Johannesburg to Perth flights, curiously, stop over either in Dubai, Hong Kong, or Malaysia, all of which make no sense on the ball, but are completely understandable when mapped on a flat earth. 46. On a ball earth, Cape Town, South Africa, at the Buenos Aires, Argentina should be a straight shot over the Atlantic, following the same line of latitude across. But instead, every flight goes to connecting locations in the northern hemisphere first, stopping over anywhere from London to Turkey to Dubai. Once again, these make absolutely no sense on the globe, but are completely understandable options when mapped on a flat earth. 47. On a ball earth, Johannesburg, South Africa, to South Paolo, Brazil should be a quick straight shot along the 25th southern latitude, but instead, nearly every flight makes a refueling stop at the 50th degree North latitude in London first. The only reason such a ridiculous stopover works in reality is because the earth is flat. 48. On a ball earth, Santiago, Chile, to Johannesburg, South Africa, should be an easy flight all taking place below the tropic of Capricorn in the southern hemisphere. Yet every listed flight makes a curious refueling stop in Senegal near the tropic of cancer in the North hemisphere first. When mapped on a flat earth, the reason why is clear to see, however, Senegal is actually directly in a straight line path halfway between the two. 49. If earth were a spinning ball heated by a Sun 93 million miles away, it would be impossible to have simultaneously sweltering summers in Africa, while just a few thousand miles away, bone-chilling frozen Arctic and Antarctic winters, experiencing little to no heat from the Sun whatsoever. If the heat from the Sun traveled 93 million miles to the Sahara Desert, it is absurd to assert that another 4,000 miles 0.0004% further to Antarctica would completely negate such sweltering heat resulting in such drastic differences. 50. If the earth were truly a globe, the Arctic and Antarctic polar regions and areas of comparable latitude north and south of the equator should share similar conditions and characteristics such as comparable temperatures, seasonal changes, like the daylight, plant, and animal life. In reality, however, the Arctic and Antarctic regions and areas of comparable latitude, north and south of the equator differ greatly in many ways entirely inconsistent with the ball model and entirely consistent with the flat model. 51. Antarctic is by far the coldest place on earth with an average annual temperature of approximately minus 57 degrees Fahrenheit and a record low of minus 135.8. The average annual temperature at the North Pole, however, is a comparatively warm 4 degrees. Throughout the year, temperatures in the Antarctic vary less than half the amount at comparable Arctic latitudes. The northern Arctic region enjoys moderately warm summers and manageable winters, whereas the southern Antarctic region never even warms enough to melt the perpetual snow and ice. On a tilting, wobbling ball earth spinning uniformly around the Sun, Arctic and Antarctic temperatures and seasons should not vary so greatly. 52. Iceland, at 65 degrees north latitude, is home to 870 species of native plants and abundant various animal life. Compare this with the Isle of Georgia at just 54 degrees self-latitude, where there are only 18 species of native plants and animal life is almost nonexistent. The same latitude as Canada or England in the North were dense forests of various tall trees abound. The infamous Captain Cook wrote of Georgia that he was unable to find a single shrub large enough to make a toothpick. Cook wrote, not a tree was to be seen. The lands which lie to the south are doomed by nature to perpetual frigidness, never to feel the warmth of the Sun's rays whose horrible and savage aspect I have not words to describe. Even marine life is sparse in certain tracks of vast extent, and the seabird is seldom observed flying over such lonely wastes. The contrasts between the limits of organic life in the Arctic and Antarctic zones is very remarkable and significant. 53. At places of comparable latitude, north and south, the Sun behaves very differently than it would on a spinning ball earth, but precisely how it showed on a flat earth. For example, the longest summer days north of the equator are much longer than those south of the equator, and the shortest winter days north of the equator are much shorter than the shortest south of the equator. This is inexplicable on a uniformly spinning, wobbling ball earth, but fits exactly on a flat model with the Sun traveling circles over and around the earth from traffic to traffic. 54. At places of comparable latitude, north and south, dawn and dusk happen very differently than they would on a spinning ball, but precisely how they showed on a flat earth. In the north, dawn and dusk come slowly and last far longer than in the south, where they come and go very quickly. Certain places in the north twilight can last for over an hour, while at comparable southern latitudes within a few minutes the Sun light completely disappears. This is inexplicable on a uniformly spinning, wobbling ball earth, but is exactly what is expected on a flat earth with the Sun traveling faster wider circles over the south and slower narrower circles over the north. 55. If the Sun circles over and around the earth every 24 hours, steadily traveling from traffic to traffic every six months, it follows that the northern central region would annually receive far more heat and sunlight than the southern circumferential region. Since the Sun must sweep over the larger southern region in the same 24 hours it has to pass over the smaller northern region, its passage must necessarily be proportionally faster as well. This perfectly explains the differences in Arctic and Antarctic temperatures, seasons, length of daylight, plant and animal life. This is why the Antarctic morning dawn and evening twilight are very abrupt compared to the north, and this explains why many mid-summer Arctic nights the Sun does not set at all. 56. The Midnight Sun is an Arctic phenomenon occurring annually during the summer solstice, where for several days straight an observer significantly far enough north can watch the Sun traveling circles overhead, rising and falling in the sky throughout the day, but never fully setting for upwards of 72 plus hours. If the Earth were actually a spinning globe revolving around the Sun, the only place such a phenomenon as the Midnight Sun could be observed would be at the poles. Any other vantage point from 89 degrees latitude downwards could never, regardless of any tilt or inclination, see the Sun for 24 hours straight. To see the Sun for an entire revolution on a spinning globe at a point other than the poles, you would have to be looking through miles and miles of land at the sea for part of the revolution. 57. The establishment claims the Midnight Sun is experienced in Arctic Antarctica, but they conveniently do not have any uncut videos showing this, nor do they allow independent explorers to travel to Antarctica during the winter, solstice, to verify or refute these claims. Conversely, there are dozens of uncut videos publicly available showing the Arctic Midnight Sun, and it has been verified beyond any shadow of a doubt. 58. The Royal Belgian Geographical Society in their Expedition Antarctic Bells recorded that during the most severe part of the Antarctic winter, from 71 degrees south latitude onwards, the Sun sets on May 17th and is not seen above the horizon again until July 21st. This is completely at odds with the ball earth theory, but easily explained by the flat earth model. The Midnight Sun is seen from high altitudes in extreme northern latitudes during Arctic Summer because the Sun at its innermost cycle is circling tightly enough around the polar center that it remains visible above the horizon for someone at such a vantage point. Likewise, in extreme southern latitudes during Arctic Summer, the Sun completely disappears from view for over two months because there at the northern tropic, the innermost arc of its boomerang journey, the Sun is circling the northern center too tightly to be seen from the southern circumference. 59. Quoting Gabrielle Henriette. The theory of the rotation of the Earth may once and for all be definitely disposed of as impracticable by pointing out the following inadvertence. It is said that the rotation takes 24 hours and that its speed is uniform, in which case, necessarily, days and nights should have an identical duration of 12 hours each all the year round. The Sun should invariably rise in the morning and set in the evening at the same hours, with the result that it would be the equinox every day from 1 January to 31 December. One should stop and reflect on this before saying that the Earth has a movement of rotation. How does the system of gravitation account for the seasonal variations in the length of days and nights if the Earth rotates at a uniform speed in 24 hours? 60. Anyone can prove the sea horizon perfectly straight and the Earth perfectly flat using nothing more than a level, tripods and a wooden plank. At any altitude above sea level, simply fix a 6 to 12 foot long smooth level board and try to climb up on tripods and observe the skyline from my level behind it. The distant horizon will always appear perfectly level with the upper edge of the board. Furthermore, if you move in a half circle from one end of the board to the other, also observing the skyline over the upper edge, you will be able to trace a clear flat 10 to 20 miles depending on your altitude. This would be impossible if the Earth were globe 25,000 miles in circumference. The horizon would align over the center of the board, then gradually noticeably decline towards the extremities. Just 10 miles on each side would necessitate an easily visible curvature of 66.6 feet from each end to the center. 61. If the Earth were actually a big ball 25,000 miles in circumference, the horizon would be noticeably curved even at sea level and everything on or approaching the horizon would appear to tilt backwards slightly from your perspective. Distant buildings along the horizon would all look like leaning towers of pizza falling away from the observer. A hot air balloon taking off then drifting steadily away from you on a ball Earth would slowly and constantly appear to lean back more and more the farther away it flew. The bottom of the basket coming gradually into view is the top of the balloon disappears from sight. In reality however, buildings, balloons, trees, people, anything and everything at right angles to the ground in horizon remain so regardless the distance or height of the observer. 62. Samuel Robotham's experiments at the old Bedford level proved conclusively the canal's water to be completely flat over a six mile stretch. First he stood in the canal with his telescope held eight inches above the surface of the water then his friend in a boat with a five foot tall flag sailed the six miles away. If Earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference, the six mile stretch of water should have comprised an arc exactly six feet high in the middle so the entire boat and flag should have ultimately disappeared when in fact the entire boat and flag remained visible at the same height for the entire journey. 63. In a second experiment Dr. Robotham affixed flags five feet high along the shoreline one at every mile marker then using his telescope mounted at five feet just behind the first flag looked over the tops of all six flags which lined up in a perfectly straight line. If the Earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference, the flags should have progressively dipped down after the first establishing line of sight the second would have descended eight inches 32 inches for the third six feet for the fourth 10 feet eight inches for the fifth and 16 feet eight inches for the sixth 64 quoting Earth not a globe by Samuel Robotham it is known that the horizon at sea whatever distance it may extend to the right and left of the observer on land always appears as a straight line the following experiment has been tried in various parts of the country at Brighton not a rising ground near the race course two poles were affixed in the Earth six yards apart and directly opposite the sea. Between these poles a line was tightly stretched parallel to the horizon from the center of the line the view embraced not less than 20 miles on each side making a distance of 40 miles a vessel was observed sailing directly westwards the line cut the rigging a little above the bullwarks which it did for several hours or until the vessel had sailed the whole distance of 40 miles the ship coming into view from the east would have to ascend an inclined plane for 20 miles until it arrived at the center of the arc once it would have to descend for the same distance the square of 20 miles multiplied by eight inches gives 266 feet as the amount the vessel would be below the line at the beginning and at the end of the 40 miles 65 also quoting Dr. Robotham on a shore near Waterloo a few miles to the north of Liverpool a good telescope was fixed at an elevation of six feet above the water it was directed to a large steamer just leaving the river mercy and sailing out to Dublin gradually the mast head of the receding vessel came near to the horizon until at length after more than four hours had elapsed it disappeared the ordinary mate of sailing of the Dublin steamers was fully eight miles an hour so that the vessel would be at least 32 miles distant when the mast head came to the horizon the six feet of elevation of the telescope would require three miles to be deducted for convexity which would leave 29 miles the square of which multiplied by eight inches gives 560 feet deducting 80 feet for the height of the main mast and we find that according to the doctrine of fraternity the mast head of the outward bound steamer should have been 480 feet below the horizon many other experiments of this kind have been made upon seagulling steamers and always with results entirely incompatible with the theory that the earth is a globe 66 Dr. Robotham conducted several other experiments using telescopes spirit levels sextance and theabilites special precision instruments used for measuring angles in the horizontal or vertical planes by positioning them at equal heights aimed at each other successively he proved over and over the earth to be perfectly flat for miles without a single inch of curvature his findings caused quite a stir in the scientific community and thanks to 30 years of his efforts the shape of the earth became a hot topic of debate around the turn of the 19th century 67 the distance across the Irish sea from the Isle of Man's Douglas Harbor to great arms head in north Wales is 60 miles if the earth was a globe then the surface of the water between them would form a 60 mile arc center towering 1,944 feet higher than the coastlines at either end it is well known and easily verifiable however that on a clear day from a modest altitude of a hundred feet the great arms head is visible from Douglas Harbor this would be completely impossible on a globe of 25,000 miles assuming the hundred foot altitude causes the horizon to appear approximately 13 miles off the 47 miles remaining means the Welsh coastline should still fall in impossible 1472 feet below the line of sight 68 the Philadelphia skyline is clearly visible from apple pie hill in the New Jersey pine barrens 40 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference factoring in the 205 foot elevation of apple pie hill the Philly skyline should remain well hidden beyond 335 feet of curvature 69 the New York City skyline is clearly visible from haramon state parks bare mountains 60 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference viewing from bare mountains 1283 foot summit the Pythagorean theorem determining distance to the horizon being 1.23 times the square root of the height and feet the New York City skyline should be invisible behind 170 feet of curved earth 70 from Washington's rock in New Jersey at just a 400 foot elevation it is possible on a clear day to see the skylines of both New York and Philadelphia in opposite directions at the same time covering a total distance of 120 miles if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference both of these skylines should be hidden behind over 800 feet of earth's curvature 71 it is often possible to see the Chicago skyline from sea level 60 miles away across Lake Michigan in 2015 after photographer Joshua Nuiqi photographed this phenomenon several news channels quickly claimed his picture to be a superior mirage and atmospheric anomaly caused by temperature inversion while these certainly do occur the skyline in question was facing right side up and clearly seen unlike a hazy palusary mirage and on a ball earth 25,000 miles in circumference should be 2,400 feet below the horizon 72 October 16 1854 the Times newspaper reported the Queen's visit to Great Grimsby from Hall recording they were able to see the 300 foot tall doctower from 70 miles away on a ball earth 25,000 miles in circumference factoring their 10 foot elevation above the water in the tower's 300 foot height at 70 miles away the doctower should have remained an entire 2,600 feet below the horizon 73 in 1872 captain Gibson and crewmates sailing the ship Thomas Wood from China to London reported seeing the entirety of St Helena Island on a clear day from 75 miles away factoring in their height during measurement on a ball earth 25,000 miles in circumference it was found the island should have been 3650 feet below their line of sight 74 from Genoa Italy at a height of just 70 feet above sea level the island of Gorgona can often be seen 81 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Gorgona should be hidden beyond 3,332 feet of curvature 75 from Genoa Italy at a height of just 70 feet above sea level the island of Corsica can often be seen 99 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Corsica should fall 5,245 feet almost an entire mile below the horizon 76 from Genoa Italy 70 feet above sea level the island of Capraea 102 miles away can often be seen as well if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Capraea should always remain hidden behind 5,605 feet over a mile of supposed curvature 77 also from Genoa on bright clear days the island of Elba can be seen an incredible 125 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Elba should be forever invisible behind 8770 feet of curvature 78 from Anchorage, Alaska at an elevation of 102 feet on clear days Mount Forker can be seen with the naked eye 120 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Mount Forker's 17,400 foot summit should be leaning back away from the observer covered by 7719 feet of curvature in reality however the entire mountain can be quite easily seen standing straight from base to summit 79 from Anchorage, Alaska at an elevation of 102 feet on clear days Mount McKinley can be seen with the naked eye from 130 miles away if earth were a ball 25,000 miles in circumference Mount McKinley's 20,320 foot summit should be leaning back away from the observer and almost half covered by 9,220 feet of curved earth in reality however the entire mountain can be quite easily seen standing straight from base to summit 80 in Chambers journal February 1895 a sailor near Maritas in the Indian Ocean reported having seen a vessel which turned out to be an incredible 200 miles away the incident caused much heated debate in nautical circles at the time gaining further confirmation in Aiden Yemen where another witness reported seeing a missing Bombay steamer from 200 miles away he correctly stated the precise appearance location and direction of the steamer all later corroborated and confirmed correct by those on board such sightings are absolutely inexplicable if the earth were actually a ball 25,000 miles around as ships 200 miles distant would have to fall approximately 5 miles below line up site 81 the distance from which various lighthouse lights around the world are visible at sea far exceeds what could be found on a ball earth 25,000 miles in circumference for example the Dunkirk light in southern France at an altitude of 194 feet is visible from a boat 10 feet above sea level 28 miles away spherical trigonometry dictates that if the earth was a globe with the given curvature of 8 inches per mile squared this light should be hidden 190 feet below the horizon 82 the port Nicholson light in New Zealand is 420 feet above sea level and visible from 35 miles away where it should be 220 feet below the horizon 83 the Ikaro light in Norway is 154 feet above high water and visible from 28 statue miles where it should be 230 feet below the horizon 84 the light at Madras on the Esplanade is 132 feet high and visible from 28 miles away where it should be 250 feet below the line of sight 85 the coordinate light on the west coast of France is 207 feet high invisible from 31 miles away where it should be 280 feet below the line of sight 86 the light at Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland is 150 feet above sea level and visible at 35 miles where it should be 491 feet below the horizon 87 the lighthouse steeple of St. Boltoff's Paris church in Boston is 290 feet tall and visible from over 40 miles away where it should be hidden a full 800 feet below the horizon 88 the island of white lighthouse in England is 180 feet high and can be seen up to 42 miles away a distance at which modern astronomers say the light should fall 996 feet below the line of sight 89 the Cape La Goulas lighthouse in South Africa is 33 feet high 238 feet above sea level and can be seen for over 50 miles if the world work lobe this light would fall 1400 feet below an observer's line of sight 90 the statue of Liberty in New York stands 326 feet above sea level and on a clear day can be seen as far as 60 miles away if the earth were a globe that would put Lady Liberty at an impossible 2074 feet below the horizon 91 the lighthouse at Port Said Egypt at an elevation of only 60 feet has been seen an astonishing 58 miles away where according to modern astronomy it should be 2182 feet below the line of sight 92 the Notre Dame Antwerp Spire stands 403 feet high from the foot of the tower with Strasbourg measuring 468 feet above sea level with the aid of a telescope ships can be distinguished on the horizon and captains declare they can see the cathedral spire from an amazing 150 miles away if the earth were a globe however at that distance the spire should be an entire mile 5,280 feet below the horizon 93 the St. George's Channel between Holyhead and Kingston Harbor near Dublin is 60 miles across when halfway across a ferry passenger will notice behind them the light on Holyhead pier as well as in front of them the pool bag light in Dublin Bay the Holyhead Pier light is 44 feet high while the pool bag light house 68 feet therefore a vessel in the middle of the channel 30 miles from either side standing on a deck 24 feet above the water can clearly see both lights on a ball earth 25,000 miles in circumference however both lights should be hidden well below both horizons by over 300 feet 94 from the Highland near Port Smith Harbor in Hebscher England looking across Spithead to the Isle of White the entire base of the island where water and land come together composes a perfectly straight line 22 statute miles long according to the ball earth theory the Isle of White should decline 80 feet from the center on each side to account for the necessary curvature the crosshairs of a good theatre light directed there however have repeatedly shown the land and water line to be perfectly level 95 on a clear day from the high head near Douglas Harbor on the Isle of Man the whole length of the coast of North Wales is often plainly visible to the naked eye from the point of ear at the mouth of the river D to Holyhead comprises a 50 mile stretch which has also been repeatedly found to be perfectly horizontal if the earth actually had curvature of 8 inches per mile squared as NASA and modern astronomy claim the 50 mile length of Welsh coast seen along the horizon in Liverpool Bay would have to decline from the center point and easily detectable 416 feet on each side 96 from 100 proofs the earth is not a globe by William Carpenter if we take the journey down Chesapeake Bay by night we shall see the light exhibited at Sharp's Island for an hour before the steamer gets to it we may take up a position on deck so that the rail of the vessel's side will be in a line with the light and in the line of sight and we shall find that in the whole journey the light won't vary in the slightest degree in its apparent elevation but say that a distance of 13 miles has been traversed the astronomers theory of curvature demands a difference one way or the other in the apparent elevation of the light of 112 feet 8 inches since however there is not a difference of 100 hairs breadth we have a plain proof that the water of the Chesapeake Bay is not curved which is a proof that the earth is not a globe 97 NASA and modern astronomy say the earth is a giant ball tilted back wobbling and spinning 1000 miles per hour around its central axis traveling 67,000 miles per hour circles around the sun spiraling 500,000 miles per hour around the Milky Way while the entire galaxy rockets a ridiculous 670 million miles through the universe with all of these motions originating from an alleged big bang cosmic ennick explosion 14 billion years ago that's a grand total of 67,568,000 miles per hour in several different directions were all supposedly speeding along at simultaneously yet no one has ever seen felt heard measured or proven a single one of these motions to exist whatsoever 98 NASA and modern astronomy say Polaris the North Pole star is somewhere between 323 and 434 light years or about two quadrillion miles away from us firstly note that is between one quadrillion 938 trillion to two quadrillion 604 trillion miles making a difference of over 600 trillion miles if modern astronomy cannot even agree on the distance to stars within hundreds of trillions of miles perhaps there are sciences flawed and their theory needs re-examining however even granting them their obscurely distant stars it is impossible for heliocentris to explain how Polaris manages to always remain perfectly aligned straight above the North Pole throughout earth's various alleged tilting wobbling rotating and revolving motions 99 viewed from a ball earth Polaris situated directly over the North Pole should not be visible anywhere in the southern hemisphere for Polaris to be seen from the southern hemisphere of a globular earth the observer would have to be somehow looking through the globe and miles of land and sea would have to be transparent Polaris can be seen however up to over 20 degrees self latitude 100 if earth were a ball the southern cross and other southern constellations would all be visible at the same time from every longitude on the same latitude as is the case in the North with Polaris and its surrounding constellations or some major and minor and many others can be seen from every northern meridian simultaneously whereas in the south constellations like the southern cross cannot this proves that the southern hemisphere is not turned under as in the ball model but simply stretching further outwards away from the northern center point as in the flat earth model 101 sigma octantis is claimed to be a southern central pole star similar to Polaris around which the southern hemisphere stars all rotate around the opposite direction. Unlike Polaris however sigma octantis cannot be seen simultaneously from every point along the same latitude it is not central but allegedly one degree off center it is not motionless and in fact cannot be seen at all using publicly available telescopes there's legitimate speculation regarding whether sigma octantis even exists either way the direction in which stars move overhead is based on perspective in the exact direction you're facing not which hemisphere you're in 102 some Heliosentris have tried to suggest that the pole stars gradual declination overhead as an observer travels southward is proof of a globular earth far from it the declination of the pole star or any other object is simply a result of the law of perspective on plane flat surfaces the law of perspective dictates that the angle and height at which an object is seen diminishes the farther one receipts from the object until at a certain point the line of sight and the seemingly uprising surface of the earth converges to a vanishing point i.e. the horizon line beyond which the object is invisible in the ball earth model the horizon is claimed to be the curvature of the earth whereas in reality the horizon is known to simply be the vanishing line of perspective based on the strength of your eyes instruments weather and altitude 103 there are several constellations which can be seen from far greater distances over the face of the earth then should be possible if the world were rotating revolving wobbling ball for instance or some major very close to Polaris can be seen from 90 degrees north latitude the north pole all the way down to 30 degrees self latitude for this to be possible on a ball earth the southern observers would have to be seen through hundreds or thousands of miles of bulging earth to the northern sky 104 the constellation viphecula can be seen from 90 degrees north latitude all the way to 55 degrees self latitude torus Pisces and Leo can be seen from 90 degrees north all the way to 65 degrees south and observer on a ball earth regardless of any tilt or inclination should not logically be able to see this far 105 Quarius and Lieber can be seen from 65 degrees north to 90 degrees south the constellation Virgo is visible from 80 degrees north down to 80 degrees south and Orion can be seen from 85 degrees north all the way to 75 degrees south latitude these are all only possible because the hemispheres are not spheres at all but concentric circles of latitude extending outwards from the central north pole the star is rotating over and around 106 the so-called south pole is simply an arbitrary point along the Antarctic ice marked with a red and white barbershop pole topped with a middle ball earth the ceremonial south pole is admittedly and provably not the actual south pole however because the actual south pole could be demonstrably confirmed with the aid of a compass showing north to be 360 degrees around the observer since this feat has never been achieved the model remains pure theory along with the establishments excuse that the geomagnetic poles supposedly constantly move around making verifications of their claims impossible 107 ring magnets of the kind found in loudspeakers have a central north pole with the opposite south pole actually being all points along the outer circumference this perfectly demonstrates the magnetism of our flat earth whereas the alleged source of magnetism in the ball earth model is admitted from a hypothetical molten magnetic core in the center of the ball which they claim and conveniently causes both poles to constantly move thus evading independent verification at their two ceremonial poles in reality the deepest drilling operation in history the Russian cola ultra deep managed to get only eight miles down so the entire ball earth model tautin schools showing a crust outer mantle inner mantle outer core and inner core layers are all purely speculation as we have never penetrated through beyond the crust 108 the mariners compass is an impossible and nonsensical instrument for use on a ball earth it simultaneously points north and south over a flat surface yet claims to be pinpointing two constantly moving geomagnetic poles at opposite ends of a spitting sphere originating from a hypothetical molten metal core if compass needles were actually drawn to the north pole of a globe the opposing south needle would actually be pointing up and off into outer space 109 there are no fixed east or west points just as there is no fixed south the north central pole is the only proven fixed point on our flat earth with south being all straight lines outwards from the pole east and west being concentric circles at constant right angles 90 degrees from the pole a west release circumnavigation of earth is thus going around with polaris continually on your right while in east release from navigation is going around with polaris always at your left 110 Magellan and others east west circumnavigations of earth are often quoted as proof of the ball model an actual fact however sailing or flying at right angles to the north pole and eventually returning to one's original location is no more difficult or mysterious than doing so on a globe just as an architect's compass can place its center point on a flat piece of paper and trace a circle either way around the pole so can a ship or plane circumnavigate a flat earth 111 since the north pole and Antarctica are covered in ice and guarded no fly zones no ships or planes have ever been known to circumnavigate the earth in north-south directions the only kind of circumnavigation which could not happen on a flat earth is north and southbound which is likely the very reason for the heavily enforced flight restrictions the fact that there is yet to be a single verified north to south circumnavigation of earth serves as standing proof the world is not a ball 112 the sun brings noon to every time zone as it passes directly overhead every 15 degree demarcation point 24 times per day in its circular path over and around the earth if time zones were instead caused by the uniform spinning of the ball earth around the sun every six months as earth found itself on the opposite side of the sun clocks all over earth would have to flip 12 hours day would be night and night would be day 113 the idea that people are standing ships are sailing and planes are flying upside down on certain parts of earth while others tilted at 90 degrees and all other impossible angles is complete absurdity the idea that a man digging a hole straight down could eventually reach sky on the other side is ludicrous common sense tells every free thinking person correctly that there truly is an up and down in nature unlike the everything is relative rhetoric of the Newtonian Einsteinian paradigm 114 quoting on the false wisdom of the philosophers by lakanshas a sphere where people on the other side lived their feet above their heads where rain snow and hail fall upwards where trees and crops grow upside down and the sky is lower than the ground the ancient wonder of the hanging gardens of Babylon dwindle into nothing in comparison to the field seas towns and mountains that pagan philosophers believe to be hanging from the earth without support 115 the existing laws of density and buoyancy perfectly explain the physics of falling objects along before knighted free mason sir Isaac Newton bestowed his theory of gravity upon the world it is a fact that objects placed in denser mediums rise up while objects place in less dense mediums sink down to fit with the heliocentric model which has no upper down Newton instead claimed objects are attracted to large masses and fall towards the center not a single experiment in history however has shown an object massive enough to by virtue of its mass alone cause other smaller masses to be attracted to it as Newton claims gravity does with the earth the sun moon stars and planets 116 there is also never been a single experiment in history showing an object massive enough to by virtue of its mass alone cause another smaller mass to orbit around it the magic theory of gravity allows for oceans buildings and people to remain forever stuck to the underside of a spinning ball while simultaneously causing objects like the moon and satellites to remain locked in perpetual circular orbits around the earth if these were both true then people should be able to jump up and start orbiting circles around the earth or the moon should have long ago been sucked into the earth neither of these theories have ever been experimentally verified and their alleged results are mutually exclusive 117 Newton also theorized and it is now commonly taught that the earth's ocean tides are caused by gravitational lunar attraction if the moon is only 2160 miles in diameter and the earth 8000 miles however using their own math and law it follows that the earth is 87 times more massive and therefore the larger object should attract the smaller to it and not the other way around if the earth's greater gravity is what keeps the moon in orbit it is impossible for the moon's lesser gravity to supersede the earth's gravity especially at earth's sea level where its gravitational attraction would even further outtrump the moons and if the moon's gravity truly did supersede the earth's causing the tides to be drawn towards it there should be nothing to stop them from continuing onwards and upwards towards their greater tractor 118 Furthermore the velocity and path of the moon are uniform and should therefore exist a uniform influence on the earth's tide when in actuality earth's tides vary greatly and do not follow the earth's lakes ponds marshes and other inland bodies of water also inexplicably remain forever outside the moon's gravitational grasp if gravity was truly drawing earth's oceans up to it all lakes ponds and other bodies of standing water should certainly have tides as well 119 It is claimed that the other planets are spheres and so therefore earth must also be a sphere Firstly earth is a plane not a planet so the shape of these planets in the sky have no bearing on the shape of the earth beneath our feet Secondly these planets have been known for thousands of years around the world as wandering stars since they differ from the other fixed stars in their relative motions only When looked at with an unpretentious naked eye or through a telescope the fixed and wandering stars appear as luminous disks of light not spherical terraforma The pictures and videos shown by NASA of spherical terraforma planets are all clearly fake computer-generated images and not photographs 120 the etymology of the word planet actually comes from the late old English planet or from old French planet from Latin planet from Greek planet as planet tides wandering stars or to wander of unknown origin to spread or notion of spread out from Latin planum flat surface plane level plane they just added a t to our earth plane and everyone bought it 121 when you observe the sun and moon you see two equally sized equidistant circles tracing similar paths at similar speeds around a flat stationary earth The experts at NASA however claim your common sense everyday experiences false on all counts to begin with they say the earth is not flat but a big ball not stationary but spinning around 19 miles per second they say the sun does not revolve around the earth as it appears but earth revolves around the sun the moon on the other hand does revolve around the earth though not east to west as it appears rather west to east and the sun is actually 400 times larger than the moon and 400 times farther away you can clearly see they are the same size and distance you can see the earth is flat you can feel the earth is stationary but according to the gospel of modern astronomy you are wrong in a simpleton worthy of endless ridicule if you dare to trust your own eyes and experience 122 quoting Alan Dames if the government or NASA had said to you that the earth is stationary imagine that and then imagine we are trying to convince people that no no it's not stationary it's moving forward at 32 times rifle bullet speed and spinning at a thousand miles per hour we would be laughed at we would have so many people telling us you're crazy the earth's not moving we would be ridiculed for having no scientific backing for this convoluted moving earth theory and not only that but then people would say oh then how do you explain a fixed calm atmosphere and the sun's observable movement how do you explain that imagine saying to people no no the atmosphere is moving also but is somehow magically Velcroed to the moving earth the reason is not simply because the earth is stationary so what we are actually doing is what makes sense we are saying that the moving earth theory is nonsense the stationary earth theory makes sense and we are being ridiculed you've got to picture it being the other way around to realize just how ridiculous the situation is this theory from the government and NASA that the earth is rotating and orbiting and leaning over and wobbling is absolute nonsense and yet people are clinging to it tightly like a teddy bear they just can't bring themselves to face the possibility that the earth is stationary though all evidence shows it we feel no movement the atmosphere hasn't been blown away we see the sun move from east to west everything can be explained by a motionless earth without bringing in all these assumptions to cover our previous assumptions gone bad 123 heliocentrists astronomical figures always sound perfectly precise but they have historically been notorious for regularly and drastically changing them to suit their various models for instance in his time Copernicus calculated the sun's distance from earth to be 3 million 391 200 miles the next century Johannes Kepler decided it was actually 12 million 376 thousand 800 miles away Isaac Newton once said it matters not whether we reckon it 28 or 54 million miles distant for either would do just as well how scientific Benjamin Martin calculated between 81 and 82 million miles Thomas Dilworth claimed 93 million 726 900 miles John Heine stated positively 95 million 298,260 miles Benjamin Gould said more than 96 million miles and Christian Meyer thought it was more than 104 million flat earthers throughout the ages conversely have used sextants and plain trigonometry to make such calculations and found the sun and the moon both to be only about 32 miles in diameter and less than a few thousand miles from earth